History of Economics: Keynes, Durkheim, Weber, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Ibn Khaldun

Philosophy of economy, or economics, is an area of inquiry concerned with economic activities, institutions, and ideas. Throughout history, thinkers have explained and theorized about the role of the governments (State) in shaping economic activities and principles. Here, we recommend reading this list of readings(English) to understand the origins and evolution of economics over the past 600 years.

John Maynard Keynes

• The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money 
• The Means to Prosperity  
• Treatise On Money V1   

Durkheim

• The division of labor in society  

Weber

• The Protestant Ethic and the "Spirit" of Capitalism 

Adam Smith 

• The Wealth of Nations  
• An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations  

David Ricardo 

• Principles of Political Economy and Taxation 

Ibn Khaldun

• Muqaddima--Chapter on Ma`ash (En-Ar)
• Muqaddima (Ar)